The forcing cone is the transition immediately forward of the chamber.
Typically a shotgun has a very abrupt diameter change from the chamber into the bore.
A lengthened forcing cone is an increased distance of the transition length.
The lengthened forcing cone provides better downrange performance by diminishing pellet deformation, and is responsible for a reduction in felt recoil.
All SKB shotguns have lengthened forcing cones which provide a much more gentle transition for the shot column.